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Researchers have developed a groundbreaking approach using iron oxide nanoparticles that can deliver chemotherapy drugs directly into cancer cells while allowing real-time tracking of drug release. This innovation could significantly improve the precision and effectiveness of cancer treatment.
According to a report from the Physicist Organization Network on October 30 (Beijing time), scientists from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Australia have created a new type of iron oxide nanoparticle capable of both delivering anticancer drugs and monitoring their release in real time. The research, published in the journal *ACS Nano*, represents a major step forward in nanomedicine and personalized treatment strategies.
"This technology enables us to track how the drug is delivered and released within the body, which is crucial for tailoring treatment to individual patients," said Cyril Boya, an associate professor at UNSW's School of Chemical Engineering. "By understanding how the drug interacts with cells and tissues, doctors can optimize dosages for better therapeutic outcomes."
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have long been used as contrast agents in MRI scans. However, their use in drug delivery has only recently been explored. Previous attempts to attach chemotherapy drugs to IONPs lacked proven efficiency in delivering the drugs inside cells. In this study, researchers introduced a novel graft polymer shell that enhances stability and allows controlled drug release.
The polymer shell enables the reversible binding of doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, through imine bonds. This mechanism ensures that DOX is released in an acidic environment, such as inside cancer cells, where it can be most effective.
Using a technique called Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM), the team demonstrated that the nanoparticles were efficiently taken up by two types of cancer cells—MCF-7 breast cancer cells and H1299 lung cancer cells—while simultaneously monitoring the release of DOX inside them.
"Most drug release studies are conducted in lab settings, not within actual cells," Boya explained. "Our method allows us to observe drug behavior in a real biological environment, which is essential for developing more accurate treatments. We believe this is just the beginning, and the next step is to test these particles in living organisms." (Reporter: Chang Lijun)
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