(1) Overload Protection Device.
It is essential to ensure that the overload protection device is both sensitive and reliable, meeting all design specifications. This includes verifying the opening pressure of the hydraulic overload protection system and confirming that mechanical, electronic, or integrated overload protectors can effectively trigger alarms and cut off the power source when the set point error exceeds acceptable limits.
(2) Torque Limiter.
The torque limiter serves as a critical safety feature for boom-type cranes, preventing overloading. To assess its performance, use either an amplification method or a weight addition method to check its sensitivity. Also, verify that the alarm and power cutoff set points are within the specified range, ensuring accurate and timely responses.
(3) Limit Position Limiter.
Inspect the luffing mechanism of the lifting equipment to confirm that the lifting and running mechanisms can reach their designated positions. Ensure that the alarm signal activates properly and that the power supply in the dangerous direction is automatically cut off when reaching the limit position.
(4) Windproof Device.
For cranes with a root boom height exceeding 50 meters, the anemometer must be checked to ensure it accurately triggers alarms when the set wind speed or working limit wind speed is reached. Cranes operating on open tracks should inspect rail clamps, iron shoes, and anchoring devices for deformation, defects, and reliability. For automatic rail clamps, test the windproof function and the electric interlock switch in non-anchored states, especially for sudden gusts and large vehicle brakes.
(5) Anti-Rollover Device.
For boom luffing and boom-type cranes, evaluate the reliability of the anti-backward device, check the sensitivity of the electrical interlock, and verify the accuracy of the luffing position and amplitude indicators. These checks are crucial for preventing accidents during operation.
(6) Buffer.
Depending on the crane type and its lifting and running speeds, ensure that the installed buffers are appropriate and in good condition. Check that they can make contact with the stops at both ends of their travel range, providing effective shock absorption and enhancing overall safety.
(7) Protective Devices.
Inspect all protective covers, guardrails, guards, ladders, and other safety features on the crane to ensure they are complete and functional. Exposed rotating parts such as couplings, sprockets, chains, and belts must have proper protective covers. Check pedestrian pathways, ladders, and fences to ensure they meet safety requirements. Additionally, outdoor cranes must have rain covers for all exposed electrical components to prevent damage from weather conditions.
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