In the context of Beijing's commitment to improving building energy efficiency, a significant shift has been made in the construction industry. According to the "Energy Conservation Plan for Civil Buildings in the 12th Five-Year Plan" issued by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, new residential and public buildings have adhered to strict energy efficiency standards since 2012. In particular, new residential buildings in urban and rural areas were required to meet the 75% energy-saving design standard, with their envelope structures achieving world-class thermal performance under similar climatic conditions.
To support this initiative, the China Building Metal Structure Association Plastic Doors and Windows Committee and the Beijing Construction Hardware Door, Window, and Curtain Wall Industry Association organized a technical exchange event titled "Plastic Door and Window Warming – Energy Saving Technology Exchange." During the event, experts shared insights on energy-efficient plastic doors and windows, with 18 exhibited products showcasing heat-insulating coefficients below 2.0W/m²·K, highlighting the growing awareness and adoption of these energy-saving solutions.
Plastic doors and windows, also known as PVC doors and windows, are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin combined with over ten types of additives. They are extruded into profiles, cut, reinforced with steel, and then welded into frames. These frames are later fitted with seals, hardware, and glass to complete the final product. Their primary advantage lies in their energy-saving properties.
The plastic doors and windows industry in Beijing has actively responded to the 75% energy-saving design standards, demonstrating both a proactive attitude and technical capability. The energy-saving benefits of plastic doors and windows can be seen in three key areas: production, recycling, and insulation. The production process consumes significantly less energy compared to metal alternatives—only 1/4 of that required for steel and 1/8 for aluminum. Additionally, recycling plastic doors and windows is more efficient and environmentally friendly, as it avoids the complex processes needed for metal recycling. Finally, their superior insulation properties make them cost-effective, especially when compared to aluminum windows.
Globally, the market share of plastic doors and windows varies, with China at about 50%, Germany at 56%, the U.S. at 48%, Russia at 50%, South Korea at 62%, and Europe at 45%. This widespread use underscores their effectiveness and popularity.
The external window heat transfer coefficient plays a crucial role in building energy efficiency. In 2012, Beijing proposed further improvements to residential energy efficiency standards, emphasizing the importance of high-performance energy-saving windows. According to the "Environmental Design Standard for Residential Buildings in Cold and Severe Cold Areas," the limit for the external window heat transfer coefficient ranges between 2.8 and 1.8 W/m²·K, which is lower than the standards in London (2.0 W/m²·K) and Berlin (1.5 W/m²·K).
Experts like Chen Wei from the China Building Construction Association highlight the critical role of windows in reducing building energy consumption. With nearly one-third of Beijing’s total energy consumption attributed to buildings, improving the thermal performance of external windows is essential. Properly insulated windows not only reduce heating costs but also help save air conditioning energy through effective shading systems.
Chen Hao emphasized that modern windows are no longer simple openings but require strict adherence to design, processing, and installation standards. Today, the industry is also focusing on color options, offering a variety of finishes such as co-extruded colors, imported films, and textures that mimic wood or metal.
Yao Bing, president of the China Construction Metal Structure Association, praised Beijing’s implementation of the 75% energy-saving standard as a model for nationwide adoption. He stressed the importance of standardizing door and window dimensions and improving the thermal transmission coefficient (K-value) as key steps toward greater energy efficiency. Efforts are currently underway to establish national standards for Chinese doors and windows, which will promote the sustainable development of the industry.
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