Celery thrives in cool and humid conditions, with a moderate level of cold tolerance. Its optimal growth temperature ranges between 15°C and 20°C. During the seedling stage, it can tolerate higher temperatures, and germination can begin as low as 4°C. However, the ideal germination temperature is still 15-20°C, and high temperatures tend to slow down the process. In addition, celery seeds require adequate moisture and some light to germinate effectively.
Celery can be planted throughout the year depending on the region. For example, in Hangzhou, planting typically occurs from mid-June to August and again from late January to February. Seedlings are usually grown for 1-2 months before transplanting. The amount of seed used per mu varies: about 250 grams per mu when using plastic film for seedlings, with a seedling age of 50-60 days. From mid-June to July, 0.5 kg per mu is used with shade nets, and the seedlings are ready in 40-50 days. In August, another batch is planted with 250 grams per mu, also under shade, with a seedling age of around 50 days.
Due to the small size and thick outer layer of celery seeds (which are actually fruits), their water permeability is poor, and their emergence ability is weak. To improve germination, seeds need proper pre-treatment. This involves soaking them for 12-14 hours, then rinsing and rubbing them by hand to remove the outer layer. After drying the surface, they should be kept at 20-22°C until 50% of the seeds have sprouted. Before planting, the soil should be moistened, and shading and protection from rain are necessary during hot seasons. Once the seedlings emerge, which takes about 7-14 days, the soil should be kept consistently moist. When the seedlings have 4-6 true leaves, they can be transplanted. Because celery takes time to germinate, weeds often appear early in the seedbed. It’s important to remove weeds when the seedlings have 1-2 true leaves to prevent competition for nutrients and space.
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