**Abstract**
The phrase "big but not strong" is familiar to those who understand the machinery industry. This term has frequently been mentioned by leaders of various industry associations in different conferences. Among all sectors, the machine tool industry has been hit the hardest. The reason? Because the machine tool is considered the "mother of industry," and other sectors such as heavy machinery and the automotive industry rely heavily on it. As one executive put it, "If the equipment isn’t good, the impact will be felt."
However, this explanation doesn't fully hold. It's well known that in the past, the automotive industry relied on foreign brands like Yishui for its machine tools. That said, it's undeniable that China still faces challenges in its machine tool industry. The annual import value of machine tools remains high—a clear sign of the gap between domestic capabilities and global standards.
High-end machine tools are a key indicator of a country’s industrial strength. Experts point out that a strong machinery industry should have independent intellectual property rights, advanced major equipment technology, a significant share of high-end equipment, and world-leading mainstream technologies. According to these criteria, China’s machine tool industry still has a long way to go.
For example, critical components such as engine blades, turbine disks, aircraft fuselages, and nuclear power plant parts still depend largely on imported machine tools. These parts require ultra-precision five-axis linkage machines, which are difficult to produce domestically. Similarly, the electronics and defense industries also need high-precision machining tools that China currently lacks.
Despite this, there are signs of progress. Jinan No. 2 Machine Tool recently won a major contract with Ford Motor Company in the U.S., marking a breakthrough in China’s high-end CNC machine tool industry. This success highlights the importance of building a strong domestic market first.
The state has introduced policies to support the development of high-end CNC machine tools, aiming to localize 80% of the required equipment by 2020. However, challenges remain. Many small and medium-sized enterprises cannot afford high-end tools, while large companies hesitate to use them due to concerns over reliability and performance.
Some domestic manufacturers are trying to win trust through free trials and partnerships, but true success requires more than just product sales. It demands full integration into production lines and comprehensive technical support.
Meanwhile, foreign companies are finding ways around localization requirements, using joint ventures and licensing agreements to maintain their dominance in the high-end market. This undermines the goal of genuine technological independence.
In conclusion, while China has made strides in developing high-end machine tools, the real challenge lies in improving manufacturing processes, ensuring reliability, and achieving true marketization. Only then can domestic machine tools truly compete on the global stage.
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