Bacterial pesticides are increasingly being used in the management of pests affecting flowers and trees. They offer several advantages, including high effectiveness, environmental safety, and no toxic residue. These are living preparations that work by multiplying inside the pest's body, producing parasporal crystals that disrupt normal physiological functions and ultimately kill the insect. This mode of action is quite different from that of chemical pesticides, and improper use can significantly reduce their efficacy or even render them ineffective.
To maximize the performance of bacterial pesticides, it's important to follow what is known as the "five looks" approach:
First, look at the sunlight. Direct exposure to UV rays can damage bacterial spores. It’s best to apply these products on cloudy days or after 4 p.m. If you're using powdered formulations, adding raw molasses or corn syrup can help protect the bacteria from UV damage.
Second, check the temperature. Bacterial pesticides perform best when temperatures are above 25°C. At lower temperatures, such as between 10°C and 15°C, their effectiveness drops significantly. For optimal results, they should be applied when the temperature ranges between 25°C and 30°C.
Third, consider the wind. Strong winds can cause wastage, especially with powdered formulations, and also hinder spore germination. Therefore, it’s best to apply bacterial pesticides when there is little to no wind.
Fourth, pay attention to rain. Heavy rain can wash away the pesticide from plant surfaces, reducing its effectiveness. However, light drizzle within 5 hours of application may actually enhance the effect. To ensure the best results, avoid applying during or just before heavy rain. If heavy rain occurs after application, reapplication is recommended for maximum impact.
Fifth, monitor humidity. Higher humidity levels improve the performance of bacterial pesticides. Applying them during early morning or late evening when dew is present helps the microbial agents stick to leaves and stems, promoting better spore growth and increasing the likelihood of contact with pests. Moist soil also aids in the absorption of the product, further enhancing its effectiveness.
This article was published by the China Pesticide Network. Please cite the source if you reference this information.
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