With the advancement of society and the continuous improvement in people's material living standards, these achievements can largely be attributed to the country's strong implementation of the "Vegetable Basket" and "Rice Bag" projects. As people enjoy a more abundant material life, their attention has gradually shifted toward spiritual fulfillment and personal health. However, with the rise of environmental pollution, pesticide residues, and excessive fertilizer use, concerns about food safety have become increasingly prominent. In response, the Ministry of Agriculture launched the "Non-Pollution Food Action Plan," and this article will guide you through the topic of "How to Select Pesticides for Green Fruits."
The use of pesticides in the production of green fruits must strictly follow the guidelines set by the Principles for the Use of Pesticides for the Production of Green Foods. This includes completely banning the use of highly toxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, or mutagenic pesticides. The use of pesticides that have been officially banned from production, sale, or application is also prohibited. Additionally, the use of broad-spectrum pesticides that may lead to high pest resistance is restricted. The application of genetically engineered microbial preparations and hormonal agents is also under strict control.
Firstly, the use of illegal pesticides without proper registration is strictly forbidden. According to the "Pesticide Management Regulations" issued on May 8, 1997, no individual or organization is allowed to produce, sell, import, or use pesticides that lack a valid registration certificate. This regulation ensures that only legally registered and safe products are used in agriculture.
Secondly, several chemical pesticides have been banned for use in green food production. These include calcium arsenate, lead arsenate, zinc methyl arsenate, ammonium methyl arsenate (Tian An), fomefipan, fenthiaprop, triphenyltin acetate, diphenyltin chloride, chlorinated ethylmercury (Xilisheng), phenylmercuric acetate (Sailisan), calcium fluoride, sodium fluoride, sodium fluoroacetate, fluoroacetamide, sodium fluorosilicate, DDT, lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, dicofol, dibromoethane, bromochloropropane, phorate, monocrotophos, parathion, methyl parathion, methamidophos, omethoate, carbofuran, aldicarb, methomyl, and many Others.
Thirdly, the state has stopped approving the registration of certain pesticides. These include organophosphorus insecticides like dimethoate, trichlorfon, phoxim, bromopropylphosphonium, malathion, chlorpyrifos, and methomyl; pyrethroid insecticides such as cypermethrin; fungicides like mancozeb, thiram, and ethylphosphorus; herbicides such as sodium chlorate, glyphosate, and butachlor; fumigants like aluminum phosphide and chloropicrin; and plant growth regulators like ethephon and gibberellin.
On the other hand, the use of safer alternatives is encouraged. Mineral-based pesticides, such as sulfur and Bordeaux mixture, are widely used in fruit tree cultivation due to their long-lasting effects, safety for crops, humans, animals, and beneficial insects, and minimal environmental impact.
Plant-derived pesticides, including pyrethrins, rotenone, artemisinin, nicotine, and natural extracts from plants like pepper, star anise, and fennel, are also gaining popularity. These options are environmentally friendly, effective against pests, and safe for both crops and ecosystems.
Biological pesticides, such as polymycin, jinggangmycin, and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), have become increasingly common in recent years. They are effective against fungal diseases, pests, and mites while being non-toxic to humans, animals, and beneficial organisms.
Insect growth regulators, such as imidacloprid, are considered among the most effective and environmentally friendly options. They are long-lasting, do not harm natural predators, and are safe for humans, animals, and pollinators. These are often referred to as the fourth generation of pollution-free pesticides.
Finally, in cases where resistant pests are difficult to control, high-efficiency and low-residue selective pesticides may be used as a temporary solution. For example, imidacloprid can effectively replace traditional pesticides in controlling aphids, thrips, and other resistant pests, offering a safer and more sustainable alternative.
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