What is an LED light? Shenzhen Huapu New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., a professional manufacturer of LED lamps, shares the basics of LED lighting.
1. LED stands for Light Emitting Diode, a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy directly into visible light. At its core is a semiconductor wafer. One end of the wafer is attached to a bracket, acting as the negative pole, while the other end connects to the positive pole of the power source. The entire wafer is then encapsulated in epoxy resin.
This semiconductor consists of two parts: one is P-type, where holes dominate, and the other is N-type, where electrons are the main charge carriers. When these two are joined, they form a PN junction. When current flows through the wire, electrons move into the P region, where they combine with holes, releasing energy in the form of photons—this is how LED lighting works. The color of the emitted light depends on the material used in the PN junction.
Initially, LEDs were used as indicator lights in instruments. Later, colored LEDs became popular in traffic lights and large displays, offering significant economic and environmental benefits. For example, a traditional 12-inch red traffic light once used a 140-watt incandescent bulb, which produced 2000 lumens of white light. After filtering, only 200 lumens of red light remained. Today, an LED-based system using 18 red LEDs consumes just 14 watts to produce the same brightness.
Automotive signal lights are another key application area for LED technology. For general lighting, white light is needed. In 1998, white LEDs were successfully developed by combining a GaN chip with YAG phosphor. The blue light from the GaN chip excites the YAG, which emits yellow light. The combination of blue and yellow produces white light. By adjusting the composition and thickness of the phosphor layer, different color temperatures can be achieved, such as warm white (3500–10000K). This method is widely used due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and maturity.
Compared to traditional fluorescent lamps, LED fluorescent lamps offer many advantages. Traditional fluorescent lamps use filaments and contain mercury vapor, requiring high voltage to start and low current to operate. LED lamps, on the other hand, are energy-efficient, durable, and long-lasting. A 15W LED lamp provides the same brightness as a 40W fluorescent lamp. They are also resistant to heat, moisture, and leakage, and can be used with voltages of 110V or 220V. Their design allows for flexible installation, and their life span is more than ten times longer than that of conventional lamps.
Advantages of LED lamps include energy savings, long lifespan, small size, fast response time, environmental friendliness, and vibrant colors. However, they do have some disadvantages, such as higher initial cost, lower light efficiency compared to theoretical potential, and some heat generation. Despite this, ongoing technological advancements are addressing these issues, making LEDs a promising future for lighting.
The emergence of LEDs has led to new design concepts like "scenario lighting" and "emotional lighting." Scenario lighting focuses on creating ambient environments, while emotional lighting aims to evoke feelings. These innovations highlight the growing importance of LED technology in both functionality and user experience.
Looking ahead, the luminous efficacy of white LEDs has improved rapidly—from 5 lumens per watt in 1998 to over 150 lumens per watt expected by 2015. With such progress, it's clear that LEDs will continue to replace traditional light sources. From aircraft reading lights to street lighting, LEDs are already being widely adopted. Soon, they will become a common feature in homes as well.
LED lights offer numerous benefits, including low power consumption, long lifespan, environmental safety, and durability. Although initially more expensive, their advantages make them a logical choice for the future of lighting.
**For wholesale inquiries, contact us at 400-006-9965. We're here 24/7!**
Metal Garages,Steel Carports,Rv Carport,Metal Carports
Guangdong Tianchen Steel Structure Engineering Co. Ltd. , https://www.tcsteeltech.com