Grape white rot is a relatively common disease. According to the majority of farmers, the impact of this disease on grape growth is very large, greatly reducing economic income.
White rot is mainly harmful to the ear, but also to the new shoots, leaves and other parts, then how to prevent and cure this disease completely? Need to do the following:
1. Choose resistant varieties according to local conditions
Such as black tiger incense, Knicks, Bai Yali, Kesha, early Zhou, An, bud. In addition, red rose, yellow rose, longan and other susceptible diseases. Jiali Brewing, Mafuluo and Hesaibaili should not be used according to local conditions.
2. Use pesticide bactericide to disinfect the soil, for example, use carbendazim, nail cream, and add some gibberellin, brassinolide and other regulators.
3. Do a good job in clearing the garden and reduce the initial source of infestation
(1) Remove the diseased fruit, diseased vine, and diseased leaves during the growing season, and cut off the diseased tissue during winter shearing. Do a good job of drainage to reduce the humidity in the park, minimize unnecessary wounds, and reduce the chance of infection.
(2) Combine the pruning in winter and thoroughly remove the diseased stems and the dried diseased ears hanging on the branches, sweep the litter on the ground, concentrate on burning or deep burial, and reduce the source of infection in the second year.
(3) After mulching the spring in the mulch, the mulch is laid on both sides of the grape plant to isolate the bacteria in the soil, reduce the chance of infection, and at the same time play the role of heat preservation, water retention, fertilizer retention and grass killing.
4. Strengthen cultivation management
(1) Add organic fertilizer to enhance the tree potential and improve the disease resistance of the tree.
(2) Improve the result part, the first wire is 50 cm away from the ground, and the ear is not left below to reduce the chance of infection.
(3) Reasonably adjust the load, make full use of the frame surface, and make the distance between the new tips not less than 5 cm, to prevent the excessive load from affecting the development of the tree and weakening the disease resistance.
(4) In the growing season, picking the heart, tying the vines, cutting out the dense branches or secondary shoots, and cultivating and weeding, improving the orientation and frame type, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission in the field. Pay attention to timely drainage after rain, reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
(5) At the low ground of the garden, try to improve the soil and strengthen drainage.
(6) After the flower, the ears are bagged to protect the fruit and avoid the invasion of the bacteria. The old newspaper bag has a low cost and the effect is not bad.
5. Improve ventilation and light transmission conditions
Trim in summer, the amount of leaves should not be too much, keep the frame surface ventilation and light, and improve the results. Strengthen the drainage work in rainy days to reduce the disease conditions.
6. Chemical control
(1) Soil disinfection For serious diseases, the orchard should be mixed with 50% Fumei double powder, 1 part of sulfur powder and 1 part of calcium carbonate before the onset, and then sprinkle on the vineyard ground, sprinkle 1~2 kg per mu, or 200 Sodium pentachlorophenolate, arsenic, bacteriostatic, sprayed on the ground can reduce the incidence.
(2) Spraying in the growing season Before and after flowering, Bordeaux mixture and Kobo-based protective agent are the mainstays. The first dose must be sprayed about 1 week before the onset of the disease, and then sprayed once every 10 to 15 days. Prevention and treatment 3 to 4 times. The agents used are: 50% benomyl WP 1500 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl ultra-wet WP 1000 times solution, 1:0.5:200 times Bordeaux mixture, 56% azoxystrobin chlorothalonil 1200 ~ 1500 times liquid, 40% polysulfur suspension 500 times liquid, 50% antibacterial 600 ~ 800 times liquid, 10% flusilazole 2000 times liquid, 70% mancozeb 700 times liquid, 64% antivirus 矾700 times liquid, 12.5% ​​flucyclazole 2000 times liquid, 77% can kill 600-800 times also have good control effect. When the above bactericide is used, it can be alternately rotated to avoid the use of a single agent to produce drug resistance.
When a sporadic diseased ear is found, the diseased ear should be removed and sprayed immediately. Spray once every half month until the fruit is stopped, and spray about 4 to 5 times. The medicament can be applied with 50% degraded 800-1000 times liquid; or 50% Fumei double 1 kg and 65% fumei zinc 1 kg, plus water 1000 kg; or 50% Fumei double 500-700 times liquid.
The primary source of infestation of grape white rot is mainly from the soil. In order to eliminate the pathogen on the soil, 1 part of thiram, 1 part of sulphur powder and 2 parts of calcium carbonate can be used, and the three are mixed evenly before the onset of the grape. On the soil of the vineyard to kill the germs that exist on the soil. About 3 to 4 kg of the above mixed powder is used per mu.
7. Bagging In areas with severe disease, ears close to the ground can be bagged.
Grape white rot is common in the country, especially in the northern and central grape producing areas. There are many reasons for the incidence of white rot, and it is necessary to control it according to local conditions.
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