The typical CNC milling machine introduced in this paper is mainly composed of machine tool operation panel, X, Y, Z three linear coordinate axes, upper shaft and machine tool hydraulic, lubrication, cooling system and other machine tool auxiliary functions. The electrical system of the machine tool includes digital control system (CNC), digital servo drive system, spindle variable frequency speed control system and machine tool input and output PLC control system.
The electrical system mainly completes the man-machine dialogue and the feeding of the coordinates of the three-axis machine tool, the operation of the spindle, and the control of the hydraulic, lubrication and cooling systems of the machine tool. The three coordinates of the machine adopt HEIDEHAIN linear encoder full-closed feedback mode. The machine spindle is electric spindle and controlled by Schneider inverter. The electrical control system of the machine is equipped with NUM1050 digital numerical control system of NUM of France. The servo drive is equipped with the corresponding MDLUNUMDRIVE digital servo drive system.
The PLC control program of this three-axis machine tool is developed with the built-in PLC function of NUM1050 full digital CNC system and equipped with the corresponding software platform. Therefore, the flexibility and ease of maintenance of the PLC program are inextricably linked to the high performance of the NUM1050 CNC system.
1 NUM1050 CNC system
NUM1050 is an open and powerful digital control system. It uses 64-bit CPU68040 for data processing and coordinate control. It has fast processing speed and high position control precision.
Graphic function management in the system CNC panel display and keyboard: Memory is used to store operating programs, PLC programs and user files: powerful communication functions enable CNC to communicate with the host computer via RS232 serial port and network interface: axis control board For controlling the movement of digital or analog axes: The built-in PLC manages the machine via the input/output modules: CNC software manages the machining program, machine data, computer trajectories and speeds, and monitors the movement of the axes.
2 NUM1050 built-in PLC features
The PLC uses the input/output interface provided by the NUM system to exchange data with the outside world, and refreshes the data in the storage area through the scan cycle of the PLC. The PLC reads the data through the %I variable, and the PLC outputs the external data through the %Q variable. of.
The data is exchanged between the built-in PLC and the NC through the exchange area. The contents of the exchange area are the input/output data between the NC and the PLC. The data output from the NC to the PLC is read from the swap area by the %R variable. The data sent by the PLC to the NC is placed in the swap area by the %W variable, and is read by the NC. The scan period is automatically executed by the system. The bytes and bits of all variables of %R and %W have specific meanings and are specially provided to the PLC to control the operation of the NC and coordinate the actions between the external device and the NC.
3 NUM1050 PLC program structure features
The PLC programming of NUM CNC system has several modes: ladder diagram, assembly language and high-level language (C language). The program is designed with task module and subroutine module. The task modules of the PLC program include: %INI, %TS0~4, %TF0~15, %TH0~15. The subroutine modules %SP0~255, these subroutines can be called by the task module or between subroutines. The functions of each module are as follows:
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