In ancient times, people used a mineral called alum (meaning bonding) as a dye fixing agent. The era of Russia’s production of alum can be traced back to the eighth to ninth century. Alum is used in the dyeing industry and leather is made from goatskin.
In the Middle Ages, there were several workshops producing alum in Europe.
In the 16th century, the German doctor and natural history historian Parace/sus PAT1949-1541 wrote a new page in the history of aluminum. He studied a number of substances and metals, including alum (aluminum sulphate), confirming that they are "ceramic salts." One of the components of this terrestrial salt was a metal oxide that was not known at the time and was later called alumina.
In 1754, the German chemist Marggraf (AS1709-1937) was finally able to separate the "soil". This is exactly the kind of substance that Paracel mentioned. However, it was not until 1807 that David of the United Kingdom separated the metal hidden in the alum, discovered potassium and sodium by electrolysis, and failed to decompose the alumina. The Swedish chemist Becinius used a similar experiment but failed. However, scientists still took a name for this ambiguous metal. Bechnines started to call it "aluminum." Later, David renamed it aluminum. This is a strange phenomenon. Al has its own name when it does not extract pure aluminum.
In 1825, the Danish scientist Oster published an article saying that he extracted a piece of metal whose color and luster were a bit like tin. He made chlorine through a mixture of red hot charcoal and alumina (aluminum oxide) to produce aluminum chloride, which was then reacted with potassium amalgam to produce aluminum amalgam. The mercury in the aluminum amalgam is evaporated away from the air and a metal is obtained. It now appears that what he got was an impure metallic aluminum. Oster was busy with his own research on electromagnetic phenomena because his magazine was not famous. This experiment was ignored. Two years later, the honor of refining aluminum was attributed to German young chemist Wyler (F. 1800-1882).
Oster and Willer were friends. He told Willer about the experimental process and results of preparing aluminum metal and stated that he would no longer continue to experiment with aluminum extraction. Weiler is very interested. He began repeating Auster's experiments and found that potassium amalgam reacted with aluminum chloride to form a grey slag. When the mercury contained in the slag is evaporated, a metal block of the same color as iron is obtained. When this metal block is heated, it can also produce smoke when the potassium burns. Weiler wrote all this to Besselius, telling Oster to repeat the experiment, but not producing aluminum. This is not a good way to prepare metal aluminum.
So Villerer started from scratch and designed his own method of refining aluminum. He applied hot potassium carbonate to a boiling alum solution. After the resulting aluminum hydroxide was washed and dried, it was mixed with charcoal powder, sugar, oil, etc., and mixed into a paste, and then placed in a closed crucible to heat it. Alumina and charcoal sinters were obtained. This sinter was heated to a red hot degree, and dry chlorine gas was introduced to obtain anhydrous aluminum chloride. A small amount of potassium metal was then placed in a platinum crucible, an excess of anhydrous aluminum chloride was placed over it, and the reaction was capped with a lid. When the crucible was heated, it quickly reached the level of white heat. After the reaction was completed, the crucible was allowed to cool and the crucible was placed in water. It was found that the mixture in the crucible did not react with water and the aqueous solution was not alkaline. It can be seen that one of the reactants in the cockroaches - the metal potassium has been completely used up. The remaining mixture is a gray powder, which is aluminum metal. At the end of 1827, Weiler published an article describing his own method of refining aluminum. At the time, the aluminum he extracted was granular and no more than one needle. However, he insisted on experimenting and eventually extracted a dense aluminum block. This experiment used his 18-year idea. In addition, he also used the same method to obtain a metal file.
As a result, Weiler was a chemist who earlier separated metallic aluminum. In the Westinghouse laboratory in the United States, an aluminum Viller image was cast.
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